This study explores how near zero-energy buildings (nZEBs) can integrate variable renewable energy sources (vRES), energy storage systems (ESS), electric vehicles (EVs), and peer-to-peer (P2P) energy transactions to reduce costs and enhance sustainability. While residential nZEBs have been widely studied, service buildings remain underexplored despite their significant energy impact. Using a 9-bus test system, results show that combining these technologies can cut community energy costs by over 12%, demonstrating the potential for efficiency and environmental benefits.
